Ama-hydraulic motors namaphampu asebenza ngogesi ayalingana ngokwemigomo yokusebenza. Uma uketshezi lufakwa empompini ye-hydraulic, shaft yayo ikhipha isivinini kanye ne-torque, eba injini edonsa amanzi.
1. Okokuqala wazi izinga lokugeleza langempela le-hydraulic motor, bese ubala ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric ye-hydraulic motor, okuyisilinganiso sezinga lokugeleza kwethiyori kuya kusilinganiso sokugeleza sangempela sokufaka;
2. Ijubane le-hydraulic motor lilingana nesilinganiso phakathi kokugeleza kokufakwayo kwe-theoretical kanye nokugudluzwa kwe-hydraulic motor, ebuye ilingane nokugeleza kokufakwayo kwangempela okuphindaphindwe ngokusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric bese ihlukaniswa ngokususwa;
3. Bala umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwe-inlet ne-outlet ye-hydraulic motor, futhi ungayithola ngokwazi ingcindezi yokungena kanye nokucindezela kokuphuma ngokulandelana;
4. Bala i-torque yethiyori yepompo ye-hydraulic, ehlobene nomehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwe-inlet nokuphuma kwe-hydraulic motor kanye nokuhamba;
5. I-hydraulic motor inokulahleka komshini enqubweni yokusebenza yangempela, ngakho-ke i-torque yangempela yokukhipha kufanele ibe i-torque yethiyori kukhishwe i-torque yokulahlekelwa ngumshini;
Ukuhlukaniswa okuyisisekelo kanye nezici ezihlobene namaphampu e-plunger nama-plunger hydraulic motors
Izici zokusebenza zokuhamba kwe-hydraulic pressure zidinga izingxenye ze-hydraulic ukuba zibe nesivinini esikhulu, ingcindezi yokusebenza ephezulu, umthamo wangaphandle wokuthwala umthwalo wangaphandle, izindleko eziphansi zomjikelezo wokuphila kanye nokuvumelana nezimo zemvelo.
Izakhiwo zezingxenye zokuvala kanye namadivayisi okusabalalisa ukugeleza kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, izinhlobo nezinhlobo zamaphampu asebenza ngogesi namamotho asetshenziswa kumadrayivu esimanje e-hydrostatic ngokuyisisekelo ayafana, anomehluko othile kuphela emininingwaneni, kodwa izindlela zokuguqula ukunyakaza zivame ukuhluka kakhulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezinga lokucindezela komsebenzi
Kubuchwepheshe besimanje bobunjiniyela be-hydraulic, amaphampu e-plunger ahlukahlukene asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kumfutho ophakathi nendawo nophezulu (uchungechunge olukhanyayo namaphampu ochungechunge oluphakathi, ukucindezela okuphezulu okungu-20-35 MPa), ukucindezela okuphezulu (amaphampu ochungechunge olusindayo, 40-56 MPa) kanye nomfutho we-ultra-high. (amaphampu akhethekile, >56MPa) uhlelo lusetshenziswa njengento yokudlulisa amandla. Izinga lokucindezeleka komsebenzi lingenye yezici zabo zokuhlukanisa.
Ngokuvumelana nesikhundla esihlobene phakathi kwe-plunger kanye ne-drive shaft kumshini wokuguqula ukunyakaza, iphampu ye-plunger kanye nemoto ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili: i-axial piston pump/motor kanye ne-radial piston pump/motor. Ukuqondiswa kokunyakaza kwe-plunger yangaphambili kuhambisana noma kunqamula i-eksisi ye-shaft yokushayela ukuze kwakheke i-engeli engenkulu kuno-45°, kuyilapho i-plunger yakamuva inyakaza kakhulu i-perpendicular ku-eksisi ye-shaft yokushayela.
Engxenyeni ye-axial plunger, ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lwepuleti lokugeza kanye nohlobo lwe-shaft ethambekele ngokwemodi yokuguqula ukunyakaza kanye nokuma komshini phakathi kwe-plunger ne-drive shaft, kodwa izindlela zabo zokusabalalisa ukugeleza ziyefana. Izinhlobonhlobo zamaphampu e-radial piston zilula, kuyilapho ama-radial piston motors anezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zesakhiwo, isibonelo, angahlukaniswa futhi ngokwenani lezenzo.
Ukuhlukaniswa okuyisisekelo kwamaphampu e-hydraulic ohlobo lwe-plunger kanye nama-hydraulic motors kumadrayivu we-hydrostatic ngokuya ngezinqubo zokuguqula ukunyakaza
Amaphampu e-Piston hydraulic ahlukaniswe amaphampu e-axial piston hydraulic kanye namaphampu we-axial piston hydraulic. Amaphampu e-axial piston hydraulic hydraulic aphinde ahlukaniswe abe amaphampu e-swash plate axial piston hydraulic (amaphampu epuleti lokugeza) kanye namaphampu e-axial piston hydraulic etshekile (amaphampu e-axis etshekile).
Amaphampu we-axial piston hydraulic ahlukaniswe abe amaphampu e-axial flow distribution radial piston hydraulic kanye namaphampu okusabalalisa kobuso bokugcina be-radial piston hydraulic.
Ama-piston hydraulic motors ahlukaniswe ama-axial piston hydraulic motors kanye nama-radial piston hydraulic motors. Ama-axial piston hydraulic motors ahlukaniswe ama-swash plate axial piston hydraulic motors (swash plate motors), inclined axis axial piston hydraulic motors (slant axis motors), kanye nama-multi-action axial piston hydraulic motors.
Ama-radial piston hydraulic motors ahlukaniswe abe ama-radial piston hydraulic motors asebenza ngasikhathi sinye kanye nama-multi-acting radial piston hydraulic motors.
(i-inner curve motor)
Umsebenzi wedivayisi yokusabalalisa ukugeleza ukwenza isilinda esisebenzayo se-plunger sixhumane namashaneli anomfutho ophezulu kanye nengcindezi ephansi kusekethe endaweni efanele yokuzungezisa kanye nesikhathi, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izindawo eziphakeme neziphansi zokucindezela kwengxenye futhi kwisekethe ikunoma iyiphi indawo yokuzungeza yengxenye. futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi zivalwe ngeteyiphu yokuvala efanele.
Ngokusho kwesimiso sokusebenza, idivayisi yokusabalalisa ukugeleza ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: uhlobo lokuxhuma lomshini, ukuvulwa kwengcindezi ehlukile kanye nohlobo lokuvala kanye nohlobo lokuvula i-solenoid valve kanye nohlobo lokuvala.
Njengamanje, amaphampu asebenzisa amanzi kanye nama-hydraulic motors okudluliswa kwamandla kumishini yokushayela eyi-hydrostatic ikakhulukazi asebenzisa ukuxhumana kwemishini.
Ithuluzi lomshini lokusabalalisa ukugeleza kohlobo lokuxhuma lifakwe ivalvu ejikelezayo, i-valve yepuleti noma i-valve yesilayidi exhunywe ngokuhambisanayo ne-shaft eyinhloko yengxenye, futhi ipheya yokusabalalisa ukugeleza yakhiwe ingxenye emile kanye nengxenye ehambayo.
Izingxenye ezimile zihlinzekwa ngezikhala zomphakathi ezixhunywe ngokulandelana kwezimbobo zikawoyela ezinengcindezi ephezulu nephansi yezingxenye, futhi izingxenye ezinyakazayo zinikezwa iwindi elihlukile lokusabalalisa ukugeleza kwesilinda ngayinye ye-plunger.
Uma ingxenye enyakazayo ixhunywe engxenyeni emile futhi inyakaza, amafasitela esilinda ngayinye azoxhuma ngokushintshana nezikhala zokucindezela okuphezulu nokuphansi engxenyeni emile, futhi uwoyela uzokwethulwa noma ukhishwe.
Imodi yokunyakaza egqagqeneyo yokuvula nokuvala yefasitela lokusabalalisa ukugeleza, indawo yokufaka ewumngcingo kanye nomsebenzi wokushwibilika okuphezulu ngokuqhathaniswa konke kwenza kube nzima ukuhlela uphawu oluguquguqukayo noma olunwebekayo phakathi kwengxenye emile kanye nengxenye enyakazayo.
Ivalwe ngokuphelele ifilimu kawoyela yobukhulu bezinga le-micron esikhaleni esiphakathi "kwezibuko zokusabalalisa" eziqinile njengezindiza ezilingana ngokunemba, ama-sphere, amasilinda noma indawo eyi-conical, okuyi-gap seal.
Ngakho-ke, kunezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokukhethwa nokucutshungulwa kwezinto ezimbaxambili zepheya yokusabalalisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isigaba sokusabalalisa iwindi sedivayisi yokusabalalisa ukugeleza kufanele futhi sihlanganiswe ngokunembile nesimo sokuhlehla somshini okhuthaza i-plunger ukuthi iqedele ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo futhi ibe nokusabalalisa amandla okunengqondo.
Lezi yizidingo eziyisisekelo zezingxenye ze-plunger zekhwalithi ephezulu futhi zibandakanya ubuchwepheshe obuhlobene bokukhiqiza obuyinhloko. Imishini evamile yokusabalalisa ukugeleza kokugeleza kwemishini esetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zesimanje ze-plunger hydraulic ukusatshalaliswa kokugeleza kwendawo nokusabalalisa ukugeleza kwe-shaft.
Amanye amafomu afana nohlobo lwe-valve yesilayidi kanye nohlobo lokushwibeka kwe-cylinder trunnion awavamile ukusetshenziswa.
Ukusabalalisa kobuso bokugcina kubizwa nangokuthi ukusabalalisa kwe-axial. Umzimba oyinhloko isethi ye-valve ejikelezayo yohlobo lwepuleti, elakhiwe ipuleti lokusabalalisa eliyisicaba noma eliyindilinga elinamanotshi amabili amise okwecrescent axhunywe ekugcineni kwesilinda ngembobo yokusabalalisa emise okwe-lenticular.
Lezi ezimbili zijikeleza ngokuqhathaniswa endizeni e-perpendicular ku-shaft yokushayela, futhi izikhundla ezihambisanayo zamanotshi epuleti le-valve kanye nezimbobo ezisebusweni bokuphela kwesilinda zihlelwa ngokwemithetho ethile.
Ukuze isilinda se-plunger ekumunceni uwoyela noma ukushaywa uwoyela kungakwazi ukuxhumana ngokushintshana nezikhala zokudonsa kanye nokukhipha uwoyela emzimbeni wepompo, futhi ngasikhathi sinye kungaqinisekisa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlukaniswa nokubekwa uphawu phakathi kwamakamelo okudonsa kanye nokukhipha uwoyela;
Ukusabalalisa ukugeleza kwe-axial kubizwa nangokuthi ukusatshalaliswa kokugeleza kwe-radial. Isimiso sayo sokusebenza sifana nesedivayisi yokusabalalisa ukugeleza kobuso ekugcineni, kodwa iyisakhiwo sevalvu ejikelezayo esakhiwe ngomongo wevalvu ezungezayo kanye nomkhono we-valve, futhi yamukela indawo yokusabalalisa ukugeleza okuyisilinda noma ethe jizu kancane.
Ukuze kube lula ukufanisa nokugcinwa kwempahla engaphezulu kokungqubuzana kwezingxenye ezisatshalaliswayo, ngezinye izikhathi ulayini oshintshwayo) noma i-bushing isethwe kumadivayisi amabili okusabalalisa angenhla.
Uhlobo lwengcindezi ehlukile yokuvula nokuvala lubizwa nangokuthi idivayisi yokusabalalisa uhlobo lwe-valve yesihlalo. Ifakwe i-valve yokuhlola uhlobo lwe-valve endaweni yokungena kawoyela kanye nokuphuma kwe-cylinder ngayinye ye-plunger, ukuze uwoyela ukwazi ukugeleza ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela futhi uhlukanise ukucindezela okuphezulu nokuphansi. umgodi wamafutha.
Le divayisi yokusabalalisa ukugeleza inesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza kahle kokuvala, futhi ingasebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, isimiso sokuvula nokuvalwa kwengcindezi ehlukile senza lolu hlobo lwepompo lungabi nakho ukuhlehla kokuguqulelwa esimweni sokusebenza semoto, futhi ngeke lusetshenziswe njengephampu ye-hydraulic eyinhloko ohlelweni lwesekethe evaliwe yedivayisi ye-hydrostatic drive.
Uhlobo lokuvula nokuvala lwe-valve ye-solenoid yokulawula izinombolo iyithuluzi elithuthukisiwe lokusabalalisa ukugeleza okuye kwavela eminyakeni yamuva. Iphinde isethe i-valve yokumisa endaweni yokungena kawoyela kanye nasekuphumeni kwesilinda se-plunger ngayinye, kodwa iqhutshwa nguzibuthe we-electromagnetic onesivinini esiphezulu olawulwa idivayisi ye-elekthronikhi, futhi i-valve ngayinye ingageleza nhlangothi zombili.
Umgomo oyisisekelo wokusebenza wephampu ye-plunger (injini) enokusabalalisa kokulawula izinombolo: amavalvu e-solenoid 1 kanye no-2 ngokulandelanayo alawula indlela yokugeleza kawoyela egumbini elingaphezulu lokusebenza le-plunger cylinder.
Lapho kuvulwa i-valve noma i-valve, isilinda se-plunger sixhunywe kumjikelezo we-low-pressure noma high-pressure ngokulandelanayo, futhi isenzo sawo sokuvula nokuvala yisigaba sokujikeleza esilinganiswa ngedivayisi yokulawula izinombolo 9 ngokomyalelo wokulungisa nokokufaka. (okukhiphayo) inzwa ye-engeli ye-shaft rotation 8 Ilawulwa ngemva kokuxazulula.
Isimo esiboniswe esithombeni yisimo sokusebenza sepompo ye-hydraulic lapho i-valve ivaliwe futhi igumbi lokusebenza le-plunger cylinder lihlinzeka ngamafutha kumjikelezo we-high-pressure nge-valve evulekile.
Njengoba iwindi lendabuko elimisiwe lokusabalalisa ukugeleza okuhleliwe lithathelwa indawo yi-valve ye-solenoid enesivinini esiphezulu engakwazi ukulungisa ngokukhululekile ubudlelwano bokuvula nokuvala, ingakwazi ukulawula ngokuguquguqukayo isikhathi sokunikezwa kwamafutha kanye nesiqondiso sokugeleza.
Ayinayo nje kuphela izinzuzo zokuhlehliswa kohlobo lokuxhuma lomshini kanye nokuvuza okuphansi komehluko wengcindezi yokuvula nohlobo lokuvala, kodwa futhi inomsebenzi wokubona ukuguquguquka okungenazinyathelo ezimbili ngokuqhubekayo ngokushintsha i-stroke esebenzayo ye-plunger.
Iphampu ye-plunger yokusabalalisa ukugeleza okulawulwa ngokwezinombolo kanye nenjini eyakhiwe ngayo inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, okubonisa indlela ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa kwezingxenye ze-plunger hydraulic esikhathini esizayo.
Yiqiniso, isisekelo sokwamukela ubuchwepheshe bokusabalalisa ukugeleza kokulawula izinombolo ukulungisa izinga eliphezulu, ama-solenoid anesivinini esiphansi ama-valve kanye nesofthiwe yedivayisi yokulawula izinombolo ethembekile kakhulu kanye nehadiwe.
Nakuba bungekho ubudlelwano obudingekayo obuhambisanayo phakathi kwedivayisi yokusabalalisa ukugeleza kwengxenye ye-plunger hydraulic kanye nendlela yokushayela ye-plunger ngokomthetho, ngokuvamile kunenkolelo yokuthi ukusabalalisa kobuso bokuphela kunokuvumelana kangcono nezingxenye ezinomfutho ophakeme wokusebenza. Iningi lamaphampu e-axial piston nama-piston motors asetshenziswa kabanzi manje asebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa kokugeleza kobuso bokuphela. Amaphampu e-radial piston namamotho asebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa kokugeleza kwe-shaft kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokugeleza kobuso bokugcina, futhi kukhona nezinye izingxenye ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezinokusabalalisa kokugeleza kwe-shaft. Ngokombono wesakhiwo, idivayisi yokusabalalisa ukugeleza kokulawula izinombolo esebenza kahle ifaneleka kakhulu izingxenye ze-radial plunger. Amanye amazwana ngokuqhathaniswa kwezindlela ezimbili zokusabalalisa ukugeleza kobuso bokuphela kanye nokusabalalisa ukugeleza kwe-axial. Ukuze uthole inkomba, ama-cycloidal gear hydraulic motors nawo kubhekiselwa kuwo lapho. Kusukela kudatha yesampula, i-cycloidal gear hydraulic motor enokusabalalisa kobuso ekugcineni inokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu kunokusabalalisa ku-shaft, kodwa lokhu kungenxa yokuma kwayo njengomkhiqizo oshibhile futhi isebenzisa indlela efanayo kupheya ye-meshing, ukusekela shafting nokunye. izingxenye. Ukwenza lula isakhiwo nezinye izizathu akusho ukuthi kukhona igebe elikhulu kangaka phakathi kokusebenza kokusabalalisa kokugeleza kobuso bokuphela kanye nokusabalalisa ukugeleza kwe-shaft ngokwayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-21-2022