Ukuxilongwa kwephutha le-cylinder ye-hydraulic kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga

Ukuxilongwa kwephutha le-cylinder ye-hydraulic kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga

Uhlelo oluphelele lwe-hydraulic lwakhiwe ingxenye yamandla, ingxenye yokulawula, ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu kanye nengxenye eyisizayo, phakathi kwayo i-hydraulic cylinder njengengxenye ye-executive ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile eziphezulu ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic, oluguqula ukuphuma kwengcindezi ye-hydraulic. nge-elementi yamandla iphampu kawoyela ibe amandla emishini ukwenza isenzo,
Kuyidivayisi ebalulekile yokuguqula amandla. Ukuvela kokwehluleka kwayo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kuvame ukuhlobana nalo lonke uhlelo lwe-hydraulic, futhi kunemithetho ethile etholakalayo. Inqobo nje uma ukusebenza kwayo kwesakhiwo kuseqophelweni eliphezulu, ukuxazulula inkinga akunzima.

Uma ufuna ukuqeda ukwehluleka kwe-hydraulic cylinder ngesikhathi, ngendlela enembile futhi ephumelelayo, kufanele uqale uqonde ukuthi ukwehluleka kwenzeke kanjani. Ngokuvamile isizathu esiyinhloko sokuhluleka kwe-hydraulic cylinder ukusebenza nokusetshenziswa okungalungile, ukugcinwa okujwayelekile akukwazi ukuqhubeka, ukucatshangelwa okungaphelele ekwakhiweni kwesistimu ye-hydraulic, kanye nenqubo yokufaka engenangqondo.

Ukwehluleka okuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa amasilinda avamile we-hydraulic kubonakaliswa ngokuyinhloko ngokunyakaza okungalungile noma okungalungile, ukuvuza kwamafutha kanye nokulimala.
1. I-Hydraulic cylinder execution lag
1.1 Umfutho wangempela wokusebenza ongena ku-hydraulic cylinder akwanele ukuthi ubangele isilinda esisebenza ngehydraulic ukuthi sihluleke ukwenza isenzo esithile.

1. Ngaphansi kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwesistimu ye-hydraulic, lapho amafutha asebenzayo engena ku-cylinder ye-hydraulic, i-piston namanje ayinyakazi. Igeji yokulinganisa umfutho ixhunywe endaweni yokungena kawoyela yesilinda esidonsa amanzi, futhi isikhombisi sokucindezela asijiki, ngakho ipayipi lokungena likawoyela lingakhishwa ngokuqondile. vula,
Vumela iphampu ye-hydraulic iqhubeke nokuhlinzeka uwoyela ohlelweni, futhi ubheke ukuthi akhona yini uwoyela osebenzayo ogeleza ephuma epayipini lokungena likawoyela le-hydraulic cylinder. Uma kungekho ukugeleza kwamafutha ku-inlet yamafutha, kungahlulelwa ukuthi i-hydraulic cylinder ngokwayo ilungile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ezinye izingxenye ze-hydraulic kufanele ziseshwe ngokushintshana ngokuvumelana nomgomo ojwayelekile wokwahlulela ukwehluleka kwesistimu ye-hydraulic.

2. Nakuba kunokufakwa koketshezi olusebenzayo kusilinda, akukho ukucindezela kusilinda. Kufanele kuphethwe ngokuthi lesi senzakalo asiyona inkinga ngesifunda se-hydraulic, kodwa sibangelwa ukuvuza ngokweqile kwangaphakathi kwamafutha ku-cylinder ye-hydraulic. Ungakwazi ukuqaqa imbobo yokubuyisela uwoyela ehlangene yesilinda esisebenza ngamanzi futhi uhlole ukuthi ingabe lukhona yini uketshezi olusebenzayo olugeleza lubuyela ethangini likawoyela.

Ngokuvamile, imbangela yokuvuza kwangaphakathi ngokweqile ukuthi igebe phakathi kwe-piston kanye ne-piston rod eduze ne-end face seal likhulu kakhulu ngenxa yentambo evulekile noma ukuxegiswa kokhiye wokuhlanganisa; okwesibili ukuthi i-radial I-O-ring seal yonakalisiwe futhi iyehluleka ukusebenza; icala lesithathu lithi,
Indandatho yokuvala iyampintsha futhi ilimale lapho ihlanganiswa kwipiston, noma indandatho yokuvala iguga ngenxa yesevisi yesikhathi eside, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokuvala.

3. Ukucindezela kwangempela kokusebenza kwe-hydraulic cylinder akufinyeleli inani lokucindezela elicacisiwe. Isizathu singaphethwa njengokwehluleka kumjikelezo we-hydraulic. Ama-valve ahlobene nokucindezela kumjikelezo we-hydraulic ahlanganisa i-valve yokusiza, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi kanye ne-valve yokulandelana. Okokuqala hlola ukuthi i-valve yokusiza ifinyelela ukucindezela kwayo okumisiwe, bese uhlola ukuthi ingcindezi yangempela yokusebenza ye-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi kanye ne-valve yokulandelana ihlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza zesekethe. .

Amanani angempela okucindezela alawa ma-valve amathathu okulawula ukucindezela azothinta ngokuqondile ukucindezela kokusebenza kwe-hydraulic cylinder, okubangela ukuthi isilinda se-hydraulic siyeke ukusebenza ngenxa yokucindezela okunganele.

1.2 Ukucindezela kwangempela kokusebenza kwesilinda somshini wokudonsa amanzi kuhlangabezana nezidingo ezishiwo, kodwa isilinda esisebenza ngamanzi namanje asikasebenzi.

Lokhu kuwukuthola inkinga ekwakhekeni kwesilinda esisebenza ngehydraulic. Isibonelo, lapho i-piston iqhubekela endaweni elinganiselwe kuzo zombili iziphetho kusilinda kanye nama-caps ekugcineni kuzo zombili iziphetho ze-hydraulic cylinder, i-piston ivimba indawo yokungena kawoyela kanye ne-outlet, ukuze uwoyela ungangeni egumbini lokusebenza le-hydraulic. isilinda nepiston ayikwazi ukunyakaza; Ipiston ye-Hydraulic cylinder.

Ngalesi sikhathi, nakuba ingcindezi kusilinda ifinyelela inani elishiwo lokucindezela, i-piston ekusilinda ayikwazi ukunyakaza. I-hydraulic cylinder idonsa isilinda futhi i-piston ayikwazi ukunyakaza ngenxa yokuthi ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwepiston nesilinda kukhiqiza imihuzuko odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesilinda noma i-hydraulic cylinder igqokwa amandla ahlukene ngenxa yesimo esingalungile sokusebenza kwe-hydraulic cylinder.

Ukumelana nokungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezihambayo kukhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi indandatho yokuvala emise okwe-V, evalwa ngokucindezelwa. Uma icindezelwa kakhulu, ukumelana nokungqubuzana kuzoba kukhulu kakhulu, okuzothinta nakanjani ukuphuma nesivinini sokunyakaza kwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qaphela ukuthi ingcindezi yangemuva ikhona futhi inkulu kakhulu.

1.3 Ijubane langempela lokunyakaza le-hydraulic cylinder piston alifinyeleli inani elinikeziwe lomklamo

Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi okwedlulele kuyisizathu esiyinhloko esenza isivinini singakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo; lapho isivinini sokunyakaza kwe-hydraulic cylinder sinciphisa ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, ukumelana nokunyakaza kwe-piston kuyanda ngenxa yekhwalithi embi yokucubungula yodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-hydraulic cylinder.

Lapho isilinda se-hydraulic sisebenza, ingcindezi kusekethe iyisamba sokwehla kwengcindezi yokumelana okukhiqizwe umugqa wokungenisa uwoyela, ingcindezi yomthwalo, kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi yokumelana komugqa wokubuya kukawoyela. Lapho uklama isekethe, ukwehla kwengcindezi yokumelana kwepayipi lokungena kanye nokwehla kokucindezela kokumelana kwepayipi elibuyayo likawoyela kufanele kuncishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma umklamo ungenangqondo, lawa manani amabili makhulu kakhulu, ngisho noma i-valve yokulawula ukugeleza: ivuleke ngokugcwele,
Kuzophinde kubangele ukuthi amafutha okucindezela abuyele ngqo ku-tank yamafutha kusukela ku-valve yokusiza, ukuze isivinini singakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezicacisiwe. Lapho ipayipi liba mncane, ukugoba okwengeziwe, kukhulu ukwehla kwengcindezi yokumelana nepayipi.

Kumjikelezo ohambayo osheshayo usebenzisa i-accumulator, uma isivinini sokunyakaza kwe-cylinder singahlangabezani nezidingo, hlola ukuthi ukucindezela kwe-accumulator kwanele. Uma ipompo ye-hydraulic imunca umoya endaweni yokungena kawoyela ngesikhathi sokusebenza, izokwenza ukunyakaza kwesilinda kungazinzi futhi kubangele ukuthi isivinini sinciphe. Ngalesi sikhathi, ipompo ye-hydraulic inomsindo, ngakho-ke kulula ukwahlulela.

1.4 Ukukhasa kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwe-hydraulic cylinder

Isimo sokukhasa isimo sokunyakaza kwe-hydraulic cylinder lapho inyakaza futhi ima. Lolu hlobo lokwehluleka luvame kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic. Ukubumbana phakathi kwepiston ne-piston rod nomzimba wesilinda akuhlangabezani nezidingo, i-piston rod igobile, intonga ye-piston yinde futhi ukuqina akukuhle, futhi igebe phakathi kwezingxenye ezinyakazayo emzimbeni wesilinda likhulu kakhulu. .
Ukugudluzwa kwendawo yokufaka isilinda esisebenza nge-hydraulic kuzodala ukukhasa; indandatho yokuvala esembozweni sokugcina se-hydraulic cylinder iqine kakhulu noma ixege kakhulu, futhi isilinda se-hydraulic sinqoba ukumelana okukhiqizwa ukungqubuzana kwendandatho yokuvala ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, okuzophinde kubangele ukukhasa.

Esinye isizathu esiyinhloko sokwenzeka kokukhasa igesi exutshwe kusilinda. Isebenza njenge-accumulator ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela kwamafutha. Uma ukunikezwa kukawoyela kungahlangabezani nezidingo, isilinda sizolinda ukucindezela kukhuphuke endaweni yokuma futhi kubonakale ukunyakaza kokukhasa kwe-pulse; lapho umoya ucindezelwa ukuba ufike emkhawulweni othile Lapho amandla ekhishwa,
Ukusunduza ipiston kukhiqiza ukusheshisa okusheshayo, okuholela ekunyakazeni okukhasayo okusheshayo nokunensa. Lezi zenzakalo ezimbili ezikhasayo azihambisani neze namandla esilinda nokuhamba komthwalo. Ngakho-ke, umoya osesilinda kufanele uphele ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuba isilinda se-hydraulic sisebenze, ngakho-ke lapho uklama isilinda se-hydraulic, idivayisi yokukhipha umoya kufanele ishiywe.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-port exhaust kufanele yakhelwe endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yesilinda samafutha noma ingxenye yokuqoqwa kwegesi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kumaphampu asebenza ngogesi, uhlangothi lokumunca uwoyela lungaphansi kwengcindezi engemihle. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana namapayipi, amapayipi kawoyela anobubanzi obukhulu avame ukusetshenziswa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe izinga lokuvala amalunga. Uma isigxivizo singesihle, umoya uzomuncwa empompini, okuzobangela nokukhasa kwe-hydraulic cylinder.

1.5 Kunomsindo ongajwayelekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-hydraulic cylinder

Umsindo ongajwayelekile okhiqizwe isilinda esisebenza ngamanzi ubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukungqubuzana phakathi kwendawo ethintana nayo yepiston nesilinda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ifilimu kawoyela ephakathi kwezindawo zokuthintana nayo iyabhujiswa noma ingcindezi yokuxhumana iphezulu kakhulu, ekhiqiza umsindo oshayisanayo lapho uslayida uhlobene. Ngalesi sikhathi, imoto kufanele imiswe ngokushesha ukuthola isizathu, ngaphandle kwalokho, indawo eshelelayo izodonswa futhi ishiswe ize ife.

Uma kuwumsindo wokungqubuzana ovela ocingweni, kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwamafutha okugcoba endaweni eshelelayo kanye nokucindezelwa ngokweqile kwendandatho yophawu. Nakuba indandatho yokuvala enezindebe inomphumela wokukhuhla uwoyela nokuvala, uma ukucindezela kokukhuhla uwoyela kuphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu kawoyela wokugcoba izobhujiswa, nomsindo ongajwayelekile nawo uzokhiqizwa. Kulesi simo, ungakwazi ukugcoba izindebe kalula nge-sandpaper ukuze wenze izindebe zibe mncane futhi zithambe.

2. Ukuvuza kwe-hydraulic cylinder

Ukuvuza kwamasilinda we-hydraulic ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukuvuza kwangaphakathi nokuvuza kwangaphandle. Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe kwesilinda esisebenza ngamanzi, okuyenza ibe ngaphansi kokucindezela okuklanyelwe ukusebenza, isivinini sokunyakaza kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza; ukuvuza kwangaphandle akungcolisi imvelo kuphela, kodwa futhi kubangela imililo kalula, futhi kubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho. Ukuvuza kubangelwa ukusebenza kabi kokuvala.

2.1 Ukuvuza kwezingxenye ezingashintshi

2.1.1 Isigxivizo siyalimala ngemva kokufakwa

Uma imingcele efana nobubanzi obuphansi, ububanzi nokucindezelwa kwe-groove yokuvala ingakhethiwe kahle, uphawu luzolimala. Isigxivizo sisontekile emseleni, i-seal groove inama-burrs, ama-flash nama-chamfers angahlangabezani nezidingo, futhi indandatho ye-seal yonakaliswa ngokucindezela ithuluzi elibukhali njenge-screwdriver ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, okuzobangela ukuvuza.

2.1.2 Isigxivizo sonanakele ngenxa yokukhishwa kwe-extrusion

Igebe elifanayo lendawo yokuvala likhulu kakhulu. Uma uphawu lunobulukhuni obuphansi futhi alukho indandatho yokugcina uphawu efakiwe, izocindezelwa ngaphandle kwe-groove yokuvala futhi yonakaliswe ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela okukhulu namandla okuthinta: uma ukuqina kwe-cylinder kungenkulu, khona-ke uphawu luyoba ezilimele. Iringi ikhiqiza ukuwohloka okuthile okunwebekayo ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla omthelela osheshayo. Njengoba ijubane lokuguqulwa kwendandatho yokuvala lihamba kancane kakhulu kunesilinda,
Ngalesi sikhathi, indandatho yokuvala icindezelwa esikhaleni futhi ilahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuvala. Lapho ukucindezela komthelela kuyeka, ukuwohloka kwesilinda kuyalulama ngokushesha, kodwa ijubane lokubuyisela uphawu lihamba kancane, ngakho uphawu luyalunywa esikhaleni futhi. Isenzo esiphindaphindiwe salesi senzo asigcini nje ngokudala ukulimala kwezinyembezi ezixebula uphawu, kodwa futhi kubangela ukuvuza okukhulu.

2.1.3 Ukuvuza okudalwe ukuguga ngokushesha kwezigxivizo kanye nokulahleka komphumela wokuvala

Ukuchithwa kokushisa kwezimpawu zenjoloba kubi. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe kwesivinini esikhulu, ifilimu yamafutha okugcoba iwonakala kalula, okwandisa izinga lokushisa nokumelana nokungqubuzana, futhi isheshisa ukugqoka kwezimpawu; lapho i-groove ye-seal ibanzi kakhulu futhi ukuhlukumeza kwe-groove phansi kuphezulu kakhulu, Izinguquko, uphawu luhamba phambili naphambili, futhi ukugqoka kuyanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha okungalungile kwezinto zokwakha, isikhathi eside sokugcina kuzodala imifantu yokuguga,
yimbangela yokuvuza.

2.1.4 Ukuvuza ngenxa yokungashisi kahle

Kumasilinda we-hydraulic ashiselwe, imifantu yokushisela ingenye yezimbangela zokuvuza. Imifantu ibangelwa ikakhulukazi inqubo yokushisela engafanele. Uma impahla ye-electrode ikhethwe ngendlela engafanele, i-electrode imanzi, izinto ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni azishiswanga kahle ngaphambi kokushiswa, ukulondolozwa kokushisa akunakwa ngemuva kokushisela, futhi izinga lokupholisa lishesha kakhulu, konke okuzodala imifantu yokucindezeleka.

Ukufakwa kwe-slag, i-porosity kanye nokushisela okungamanga ngesikhathi sokushisela nakho kungabangela ukuvuza kwangaphandle. Ukushisela okufakwe isendlalelo kwamukelwa lapho umthungo we-weld mkhulu. Uma i-slag ye-welding yesendlalelo ngasinye ingasuswanga ngokuphelele, i-welding slag izokwakha ukufakwa kwe-slag phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili. Ngakho-ke, ekushiseni kwesendlalelo ngasinye, i-weld seam kufanele igcinwe ihlanzekile, ayikwazi ukungcoliswa ngamafutha namanzi; ukushisa kwengxenye ye-welding akwanele, i-welding current ayinkulu ngokwanele,
Kuyisizathu esiyinhloko somkhuba we-welding wamanga we-welding ebuthakathaka kanye ne-welding engaphelele.

2.2 Ukugqokwa kophawu olulodwa

Ukugqokwa kwe-unilateral kophawu kugqame kakhulu kumasilinda afakwe ngokuvundlile we-hydraulic. Izizathu zokugqokwa okuhlangene yilezi: okokuqala, igebe elilingana ngokweqile phakathi kwezingxenye ezihambayo noma ukuguga okuhlangene, okuholela ekuvunyelweni kokucindezela okungalingani kwendandatho yokuvala; okwesibili, lapho induku ephilayo inwetshiwe ngokugcwele, umzuzu wokugoba ukhiqizwa ngenxa yesisindo sawo, okubangela ukuthi i-piston i-Tilting ivele ku-cylinder.

Uma kubhekwa lesi simo, indandatho ye-piston ingasetshenziswa njengophawu lwe-piston ukuvimbela ukuvuza ngokweqile, kodwa amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele aqashelwe: okokuqala, hlola ngokucophelela ukunemba kwe-dimensional, ukuqina kanye nokunemba komumo wejometri wembobo yangaphakathi yesilinda; okwesibili, i-piston Igebe elinodonga lwesilinda lincane kunezinye izinhlobo zokuvala, futhi ububanzi be-piston bukhulu. Okwesithathu, i-piston ring groove akufanele ibe banzi kakhulu.
Uma kungenjalo, isikhundla saso sizobe singazinzile, futhi imvume yohlangothi izokwandisa ukuvuza; okwesine, inani lamasongo e-piston kufanele lifanele, futhi umphumela wokuvala uphawu ngeke ube mkhulu uma umncane kakhulu.

Ngamafuphi, kunezinye izici zokuhluleka kwe-hydraulic cylinder ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, futhi izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga ngemva kokuhluleka azifani. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-hydraulic cylinder noma ezinye izingxenye zesistimu ye-hydraulic, kuphela ngemva kwenani elikhulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo lapho iphutha lingalungiswa khona. Ukwahlulela kanye nesinqumo esisheshayo.