Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nenqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe be-hydraulic, izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwazo ziya ngokuya ziba zibanzi. Isistimu ye-hydraulic esetshenziselwa ukuqedela imisebenzi yokudlulisa nokulawula iya ngokuya iba yinkimbinkimbi, futhi izidingo eziphakeme zibekwe phambili ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesistimu nokusebenza okuhlukahlukene. Konke lokhu kulethe izidingo ezinembayo nezijulile ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezinhlelo zesimanje ezisebenza ngamanzi. Kukude kakhulu nokwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezingenhla kuphela ngokusebenzisa isistimu evamile ukuze kuqedelwe umjikelezo wesenzo esinqunywe kusengaphambili se-actuator futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza ezimile zesistimu.
Ngakho-ke, kubacwaningi ababambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zesimanje ze-hydraulic, kuyadingeka kakhulu ukutadisha izici eziguquguqukayo zokudluliselwa kwe-hydraulic kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula, baqonde futhi baphathe kahle izici eziguqukayo kanye nezinguquko zepharamitha ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-hydraulic system, ukuze ithuthukise futhi iphelelise uhlelo lwe-hydraulic. .
1. Ingqikithi yezici eziguquguqukayo zesistimu ye-hydraulic
Izici eziguquguqukayo zesistimu ye-hydraulic empeleni yizici ezivezwa uhlelo lwe-hydraulic ngesikhathi senqubo yokulahlekelwa isimo salo sokuqala sokulingana nokufinyelela esimweni esisha sokulinganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwephula isimo sokuqala sokulinganisa sesistimu ye-hydraulic futhi kubangele inqubo yayo eguquguqukayo: esinye sibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwenqubo yokudlulisa noma uhlelo lokulawula; enye ibangelwa ukugxambukela kwangaphandle. Kule nqubo eguquguqukayo, ipharamitha ngayinye eguquguqukayo ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic ishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ukusebenza kwalolu shintsho kunquma ikhwalithi yezimpawu eziguquguqukayo zesistimu.
2. Indlela yokucwaninga yezimpawu ze-hydraulic dynamic
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokutadisha izici eziguquguqukayo zezinhlelo ze-hydraulic ziyindlela yokuhlaziya umsebenzi, indlela yokulingisa, indlela yocwaningo lokuhlola kanye nendlela yokulingisa idijithali.
2.1 Indlela yokuhlaziya umsebenzi
Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi wokudlulisa kuyindlela yocwaningo esekelwe kuthiyori yokulawula yakudala. Ukuhlaziya izici eziguquguqukayo zamasistimu we-hydraulic nge-classical control theory ngokuvamile kukhawulelwe kumasistimu omugqa wokokufaka okukodwa kanye nokuphumayo okukodwa. Ngokuvamile, imodeli yezibalo yesistimu isungulwa kuqala, futhi ifomu layo elikhulayo liyabhalwa, bese ukuguqulwa kweLaplace kwenziwa, ukuze Umsebenzi wokudlulisa wesistimu utholakale, bese umsebenzi wokudlulisa wesistimu uguqulwa ube yiBode. ukumelwa komdwebo okulula ukuwuhlaziya ngendlela enembile. Ekugcineni, izici zokuphendula zihlaziywa ngejika le-phase-frequency curve ne-amplitude-frequency curve kumdwebo we-Bode. Lapho uhlangabezana nezinkinga ezingezona umugqa, izici zayo ezingaqondile zivame ukushaywa indiva noma zenziwe lula zibe yisistimu yomugqa. Eqinisweni, izinhlelo ze-hydraulic zivame ukuba nezici eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingavamile, ngakho-ke kukhona amaphutha amakhulu okuhlaziya ekuhlaziyeni izici eziguquguqukayo zezinhlelo ze-hydraulic ngale ndlela. Ukwengeza, indlela yokuhlaziya umsebenzi wokudlulisa iphatha into yocwaningo njengebhokisi elimnyama, igxile kuphela kokufakwayo nokuphumayo kohlelo, futhi ayixoxi ngesimo sangaphakathi sento yocwaningo.
Indlela yokuhlaziya indawo yesifunda ukubhala imodeli yezibalo yenqubo eguquguqukayo yesistimu ye-hydraulic ngaphansi kocwaningo njenge-equation yesifunda, okuwuhlelo lokuqala lokuhlukanisa umehluko, olumele okuphuma komugqa wokuqala kokuguquguquka kwesimo ngasinye ku-hydraulic. uhlelo. Umsebenzi wezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zombuso eziningana kanye nokuguquguquka kokufaka; lobu budlelwano obusebenzayo bungaba ngomugqa noma obungaqondile. Ukubhala imodeli yezibalo yenqubo eguquguqukayo yesistimu ye-hydraulic ngendlela ye-equation yezwe, indlela evame ukusetshenziswa ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wokudlulisa ukuze kutholwe i-equation yokusebenza kwezwe, noma ukusebenzisa i-equation esezingeni eliphakeme yokuhlukanisa ukuze kutholwe i-state equation, kanye nomdwebo webhondi yamandla nawo ungasetshenziswa ukuze ubhale isibalo sezwe. Le ndlela yokuhlaziya inaka izinguquko zangaphakathi zohlelo olucwaningiwe, futhi ingabhekana nezinkinga zokufaka okuningi kanye nemiphumela eminingi, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukushiyeka kwendlela yokuhlaziya umsebenzi wokudlulisa.
Indlela yokuhlaziya umsebenzi ohlanganisa indlela yokuhlaziya umsebenzi wokudlulisa kanye nendlela yokuhlaziya indawo yesifunda iyisisekelo sezibalo sokuthi abantu baqonde futhi bahlaziye izici eziguquguqukayo zangaphakathi zesistimu ye-hydraulic. Indlela yokusebenza yencazelo isetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya, ngakho-ke amaphutha okuhlaziya ayenzeka nakanjani, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlaziyeni amasistimu alula.
2.2 Indlela yokulingisa
Esikhathini lapho ubuchwepheshe bamakhompiyutha babungakadumi, ukusebenzisa amakhompuyutha e-analog noma amasekhethi e-analog ukuze kulingise futhi kuhlaziye izici eziguquguqukayo zezinhlelo ezisebenza ngamanzi futhi kwakuyindlela yocwaningo esebenzayo nephumelelayo. Ikhompiyutha ye-analog yazalwa ngaphambi kwekhompyutha yedijithali, futhi umgomo wayo uwukufunda izici zesistimu ye-analog esekelwe ekufaneni kwencazelo yezibalo yemithetho eguqukayo yamanani ahlukahlukene angokwenyama. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kwangaphakathi kuwukuguquguquka kwe-voltage eqhubekayo, futhi ukusebenza kokuguquguqukayo kusekelwe ebudlelwaneni bokusebenza obufanayo bezimpawu zikagesi ze-voltage, yamanje, kanye nezingxenye zesekhethi.
Amakhompiyutha e-analogi afaneleka ngokukhethekile ukuxazulula izilinganiso ezijwayelekile ezihlukene, ngakho-ke abizwa nangokuthi abahlaziyi be-analog differential. Iningi lezinqubo eziguquguqukayo zamasistimu aphathekayo okuhlanganisa amasistimu asebenza ngamanzi aboniswa ngendlela yezibalo yezibalo ezihlukene, ngakho amakhompyutha e-analogi afaneleka kakhulu ocwaningweni lokulingisa lwezinhlelo eziguquguqukayo.
Lapho indlela yokulingisa isebenza, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zekhompiyutha zixhunywe ngokuvumelana nemodeli yezibalo yesistimu, futhi izibalo zenziwa ngokuhambisana. Ama-voltage okukhiphayo engxenye ngayinye yekhompuyutha amelela okuguquguqukayo okuhambisanayo ohlelweni. Izinzuzo zobudlelwano. Kodwa-ke, inhloso eyinhloko yale ndlela yokuhlaziya ukuhlinzeka ngemodeli ye-elekthronikhi engasetshenziselwa ucwaningo lokuhlola, kunokuba ithole ukuhlaziywa okunembile kwezinkinga zezibalo, ngakho-ke inomphumela obulalayo wokunemba kwezibalo eziphansi; ngaphezu kwalokho, isifunda sayo se-analog sivame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi ngesakhiwo, simelana Ikhono lokuphazamisa izwe langaphandle limpofu kakhulu.
2.3 Indlela yocwaningo lokuhlola
Indlela yocwaningo lokuhlola iyindlela yocwaningo ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlaziya izici eziguqukayo zesistimu ye-hydraulic, ikakhulukazi uma ingekho indlela yocwaningo lwethiyori esebenzayo efana nokulingisa kwedijithali esikhathini esidlule, ingahlaziywa kuphela ngezindlela zokuhlola. Ngocwaningo lokuhlola, singakwazi ukuqonda ngokunembile nangeqiniso izici eziguquguqukayo zesistimu ye-hydraulic kanye nezinguquko zemingcele ehlobene, kodwa ukuhlaziywa kwesistimu ye-hydraulic ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kunebubi besikhathi eside kanye nezindleko eziphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi lwe-hydraulic, ngisho nonjiniyela abanolwazi abanaso isiqiniseko esiphelele sokumodela okunembile kwezibalo, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukuhlaziya okulungile nokucwaninga ngenqubo yayo eguquguqukayo. Ukunemba kwemodeli eyakhiwe kungaqinisekiswa ngempumelelo ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganisa nokuhlola, futhi iziphakamiso zokubuyekeza zinganikezwa ukuze kusungulwe imodeli efanele; ngesikhathi esifanayo, imiphumela yalokhu okubili ingaqhathaniswa ngokulingisa kanye nocwaningo lokuhlola ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo Ukuhlaziywa, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amaphutha okulingisa nokuhlola angaphakathi kwebanga elilawulekayo, ukuze umjikelezo wocwaningo ufinyezwe kanye nezinzuzo. ingathuthukiswa ngesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi. Ngakho-ke, indlela yocwaningo yokuhlola yanamuhla ivame ukusetshenziswa njengendlela edingekayo yokuqhathanisa nokuqinisekisa ukulingiswa kwezinombolo noma eminye imiphumela yocwaningo lwethiyori yezici ezibalulekile zesistimu ye-hydraulic.
2.4 Indlela yokulingisa yedijithali
Inqubekelaphambili yethiyori yokulawula yesimanje kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bekhompiyutha ilethe indlela entsha yokutadisha izici eziguqukayo zesistimu ye-hydraulic, okungukuthi, indlela yokulingisa idijithali. Kule ndlela, imodeli yezibalo yenqubo yesistimu ye-hydraulic isungulwa kuqala, futhi iboniswe yi-equation yezwe, bese isixazululo sesizinda sesikhathi sokuguquguquka okuyinhloko kwesistimu kunqubo eguquguqukayo sitholakala kukhompyutha.
Indlela yokulingisa yedijithali ifaneleka kokubili amasistimu aqondile namasistimu angaqondile. Ingakwazi ukulingisa izinguquko zemingcele yesistimu ngaphansi kwesenzo sanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokufaka, bese ithola ukuqonda okuqondile nokuphelele kwenqubo eguquguqukayo yesistimu ye-hydraulic. Ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwesistimu ye-hydraulic kungabikezelwa esigabeni sokuqala, ukuze imiphumela yokuklama iqhathaniswe, iqinisekiswe futhi ithuthukiswe ngesikhathi, engaqinisekisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuthi uhlelo lwe-hydraulic oluklanyelwe lunomsebenzi omuhle wokusebenza nokuthembeka okuphezulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela nezindlela zokufunda ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwe-hydraulic, ubuchwepheshe bokulingiswa kwedijithali bunobuhle bokunemba, ukwethembeka, ukuguquguquka okuqinile, umjikelezo omfushane nokonga ukonga. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokulingisa yedijithali isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wokucwaninga kokusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwe-hydraulic.
3. Ukuqondiswa kokuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zocwaningo zezimpawu ze-hydraulic dynamic
Ngokuhlaziywa kwethiyori yendlela yokulingisa yedijithali, ehlanganiswe nendlela yocwaningo yokuqhathanisa nokuqinisekisa imiphumela yokuhlola, isiphenduke indlela eyinhloko yokufunda izici eziguqukayo ze-hydraulic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuphakama kobuchwepheshe bokulingiswa kwedijithali, ukuthuthukiswa kocwaningo ngezici ze-hydraulic dynamic kuzohlanganiswa eduze nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokulingiswa kwedijithali. Ucwaningo olunzulu lwethiyori yokumodela kanye nama-algorithms ahlobene ohlelo lwe-hydraulic, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware yokulingisa i-hydraulic system okulula ukuyimodela, ukuze ochwepheshe bama-hydraulic bakwazi ukunikela amandla engeziwe ocwaningweni lomsebenzi obalulekile wohlelo lwamanzi ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wocwaningo lwezici ze-hydraulic dynamic. enye yezinkomba.
Ukwengeza, ngenxa yobunzima bokubunjwa kwezinhlelo zesimanje ze-hydraulic, izinkinga zemishini, zikagesi ngisho ne-pneumatic zivame ukuhileleka ekutadisheni izici zabo eziguquguqukayo. Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuhlaziywa okuguquguqukayo kwesistimu ye-hydraulic ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlaziya okuphelele kwezinkinga ezifana ne-electromechanical hydraulics. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe ye-universal hydraulic simulation, ehlanganiswe nezinzuzo ezifanele zesofthiwe yokulingisa emikhakheni ehlukene yocwaningo, ukuze kuzuzwe ukulingisa okuhlangene okunezinhlangothi eziningi kwezinhlelo ze-hydraulic sekube isiqondiso esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yamanje yokucwaninga izici ze-hydraulic dynamic.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezidingo zokusebenza zohlelo lwesimanje lwamanzi, uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lwendabuko lokuqedela umjikelezo wesenzo esinqunywe kusengaphambili se-actuator futhi luhlangabezane nezidingo zokusebenza ezimile zohlelo alusakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufunda izici eziguqukayo ze-actuator. uhlelo lwe-hydraulic.
Ngokwesisekelo sokuchaza ingqikithi yocwaningo ngezici eziguquguqukayo zesistimu ye-hydraulic, leli phepha lethula ngokuningiliziwe izindlela ezine ezibalulekile zokutadisha izici eziguquguqukayo zesistimu ye-hydraulic, okuhlanganisa indlela yokuhlaziya umsebenzi, indlela yokulingisa, ucwaningo lokuhlola. indlela kanye nendlela yokulingisa yedijithali, kanye nezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi. Kuvezwa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwesoftware yokulingisa i-hydraulic system okulula ukuyifanisa kanye nokulingisa okuhlanganyelwe kwesoftware yokulingisa yezizinda eziningi kuyizikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yocwaningo yezimpawu ze-hydraulic dynamic esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-17-2023